Experiences of Providers and Immigrants/Refugees with Health Care: A Meta-Synthesis of the Latin American Context.

INTRODUCTION: The experiences of providers and immigrants/refugees related to healthcare in the Latin American context have not yet been aggregated. This study aimed to synthesize the qualitative evidence on this theme. METHOD: A systematic review of qualitative evidence with meta-synthesis. After identification, eligible studies were evaluated for methodological quality, and information was systematically analyzed. RESULTS: The sample comprised 26 articles. The meta-theme shows that the experiences of providers and immigrants/refugees are determined by multilevel factors. In a macro-context, these factors involve the vulnerabilities of immigrants/refugees and the healthcare system/model, and in a closer context, they involve the lack of professional training in cultural skills and communication; language barriers; and prejudice/xenophobia. Within healthcare, the relationship is mostly conflictual, asymmetric, and unable to solve problems, leading to negative repercussions for both. CONCLUSIONS: Managers involved in developing public policies and providers must consider improving the interrelationship between healthcare services and the migrant population.

Adherence to Covid-19 vaccination during the pandemic: the influence of fake news.

OBJECTIVES: to understand how fake news has influenced adherence to Covid-19 immunization, from the perspective of health professionals. METHODS: a qualitative, descriptive-exploratory study was conducted in Campo Grande - MS. Twenty nursing professionals working in vaccine rooms or managing immunobiologicals participated through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded, fully transcribed, and subjected to thematic content analysis. RESULTS: two categories emerged in which the professionals highlighted an increase in vaccine hesitancy among the population, influenced by fake news and denialist actions, which negatively interfered with the population's trust in vaccines and in the professionals administering them. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: concerns about vaccine safety and denialist actions by authorities and media outlets can contribute to the phenomenon of non-vaccination. The valorization of science, the promotion of educational actions, and raising public awareness about immunization were presented as strategies to increase vaccine coverage.

Cuidados paliativos em neonatologia sob a ótica do enfermeiro / Cuidados paliativos en neonatología desde la perspectiva de la enfermera / Palliative care in neonatology from nurses' perspective

Resumo Objetivo apreender as percepções e vivências de enfermeiros sobre os cuidados paliativos em neonatologia. Método pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, tendo como base conceitual os cuidados paliativos, realizada com enfermeiros atuantes em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de três hospitais localizados em um município na região norte do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados no período de novembro de 2019 a janeiro de 2020, analisados por meio do referencial metodológico Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo Resultados participaram 20 enfermeiros, em sua maioria com tempo de experiência menor que 5 anos. Três temas traduzem as percepções e vivências dos enfermeiros: 1) Cuidados paliativos: da formação à vivência profissional; 2) Significando os cuidados paliativos em neonatologia; 3) Elegibilidade para os cuidados paliativos neonatais. Conclusão e implicações para a prática o enfermeiro refere lacunas em sua formação para a assistência ao recém-nascido em cuidados paliativos, no entanto muitos apresentaram a compreensão do significado de cuidados paliativos com foco na qualidade de vida dos bebês acometidos por uma situação ou doença incurável, incluindo a família. Tais aspectos apontam para a necessidade de formação e educação em saúde voltada para essa temática, bem como a implantação dos cuidados paliativos no serviço de neonatologia.

Resumen Objetivo comprender las percepciones y experiencias de los enfermeros sobre los cuidados paliativos en neonatología. Método investigación cualitativa, con base conceptual en los cuidados paliativos, realizada con enfermeros que actúan en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales de tres hospitales ubicados en un municipio de la región norte de Paraná. Los datos fueron recolectados desde noviembre de 2019 a enero de 2020, analizados mediante el marco metodológico Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Resultados participaron 20 enfermeras, la mayoría con menos de 5 años de experiencia. Tres temas reflejan las percepciones y experiencias de los enfermeros: 1) Cuidados paliativos: de la formación a la experiencia profesional; 2) Significado de los cuidados paliativos en neonatología; 3) Elegibilidad para cuidados paliativos neonatales. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica las enfermeras reportan lagunas en su formación para asistir a los recién nacidos en cuidados paliativos, sin embargo, muchas presentaron una comprensión del significado de los cuidados paliativos con un enfoque en la calidad de vida de los bebés afectados por una situación o enfermedad incurable, incluyendo la familia. Estos aspectos apuntan a la necesidad de capacitación y educación en salud enfocada en este tema, así como la implementación de cuidados paliativos en el servicio de neonatología.

Abstract Objective to grasp nurses' perceptions and experiences about palliative care in neonatology. Method qualitative research, with palliative care as its conceptual basis, carried out with nurses working in Neonatal Intensive Care Units of three hospitals located in a municipality in the northern region of Paraná. Data were collected from November 2019 to January 2020, analyzed using the Discourse of the Collective Subject methodological framework. Results twenty nurses participated, most of them with less than 5 years of experience. Three topics reflect nurses' perceptions and experiences: 1) Palliative care: from training to professional experience; 2) Meaning palliative care in neonatology; 3) Eligibility for neonatal palliative care. Conclusion and implications for practice nurses report gaps in their training for assisting newborns in palliative care; however, many presented an understanding of the meaning of palliative care with a focus on quality of life of babies affected by an incurable situation or illness, including the family. These aspects point to the need for training and health education focused on this topic as well as the implementation of palliative care in the neonatology service.

Concepções e práticas dos profissionais da atenção primária à saúde acerca dos cuidados paliativos / Conceptions and practices of primary health care professionals regarding palliative care / Concepciones y prácticas de los profesionales de la atención primaria de salud sobre los cuidados paliativos

Objetivo: compreender as concepções e práticas dos profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde acerca dos cuidados paliativos. Método: estudo descritivo-exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa realizado com profissionais atuantes em três Unidades Básicas em município no sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados em junho de 2021, mediante entrevistas presenciais, audiogravadas junto a 36 profissionais de saúde selecionados por conveniência e submetidos à análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: muitos profissionais da Atenção Primária, sobretudo os agentes comunitários, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem, possuem pouco conhecimento ou uma visão distorcida a respeito de cuidados paliativos, mas em seu cotidiano assistem pacientes e familiares. Considerações finais: embora não suficientemente preparados, os profissionais de saúde precisam estar junto, orientar e assistir usuários e familiares que necessitam de cuidados paliativos, necessitam portanto serem sensibilizados quanto a importância e benefícios dos cuidados paliativos e serem devidamente intrumentalizados para prestar essa assistência que valorize seus princípios.

Objective: to understand the conceptions and practices of Primary Health Care professionals regarding palliative care. Method: descriptive-exploratory study, with a qualitative approach carried out with professionals working in three Basic Units in a city in southern Brazil. Data were collected in June 2021, through face-to-face, audio-recorded interviews with 36 health professionals selected for convenience and subjected to content analysis, thematic modality. Results: many Primary Care professionals, especially community workers, technicians and nursing assistants, have little knowledge or a distorted view of palliative care, but in their daily lives they assist patients and families. Final considerations: although not sufficiently prepared, health professionals need to be together, guide and assist users and families who need palliative care, they therefore need to be made aware of the importance and benefits of palliative care and be properly equipped to provide this assistance that values its principles.

Objetivos: comprender las concepciones y prácticas de los profesionales de la Atención Primaria de Salud sobre los cuidados paliativos. Método: estudio descriptivo-exploratorio, con enfoque cualitativo, realizado con profesionales de tres Unidades Básicas de una ciudad de Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados en junio de 2021, mediante entrevistas presenciales, audio grabadas, a 36 profesionales seleccionados por conveniencia y sometidos a análisis de contenido, modalidad temática. Resultados: muchos profesionales, especialmente trabajadores comunitarios, técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería, tienen pocos conocimientos o una visión distorsionada de los cuidados paliativos, pero en su vida diaria asisten a pacientes y familiares. Consideraciones finales: aunque no están suficientemente preparados, los profesionales de la salud necesitan estar juntos, orientar y asistir a los usuarios y familias que necesitan cuidados paliativos, por lo que deben ser conscientes de la importancia y los beneficios de estes Cuidados y estar adecuadamente equipados para brindar esta asistencia que valora sus principios.

Unveiling family relationships based on the context of domestic violence: a Grounded Theory.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the meanings attributed to family relationships by women who have experienced domestic violence. METHOD: Explanatory study using Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory as references. Data were collected from March to November 2021, through online interviews with 23 women found on the social media application Facebook®. RESULTS: Data analysis allowed the construction of a theoretical model consisting of three processes: "We learned that it was normal to be mistreated": experiencing a context of violence in the family of origin; "I just wanted a family": experiencing partner violence and redefining family relationships in the context of violence. CONCLUSION: The meanings attributed to family relationships are elaborated and modified according to the interpretation, trajectory of confrontation, and interactions of women with other individuals and objects in the social web, over time. When experiencing domestic violence, women give new meaning to their feelings and begin to attribute new values, emotions, and empathy to family relationships, expanding their understanding of their weaknesses and potential.

Health care network for children with zika virus from the perspective of professionals.

OBJECTIVE: To know the perspective of health professionals working in specialized care regarding the assistance offered to children with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome in the Health Care Network. METHOD: Qualitative study carried out in Campo Grande-MS through semi-structured interviews, between September and October 2020, with 12 professionals working in a reference service for people with physical and intellectual disabilities. Minayo's thematic analysis and the theoretical subsidies of the care model for chronic conditions were used for interpretation. RESULTS: Assistance in the network is weakened by aspects related to access, monitoring and integration between different professionals/services. The potential involves the implementation of the referral and counter-referral system, the communication/integration between these services and the training of professionals. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The participants perceive that assistance is influenced by the availability of trained professionals to work in a network and the optimization of access and follow-up at different points of care.

Vaccination coverage of triple viral and poliomyelitis in Brazil, 2011-2021: temporal trend and spatial dependency.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the coverage of MMR and polio vaccines, the temporal trend and spatial dependence, in children up to one year of age in Brazil, between 2011 and 2021. METHODS: Ecological study with secondary data on vaccination coverage rates, made available by the National Immunization Program Information System. Trend analysis was carried out using the joinpoint method, according to geographic regions, estimating the annual percentage change (APC) and its respective confidence interval (95%CI). Choropleth maps of distribution by health region were constructed and, subsequently, the spatial dependence was verified using Moran's statistics. RESULTS: Between 2011 and 2021, vaccination coverage declined in Brazil, both for MMR (APC: -6.4%; 95%CI -9.0; -3.8) and for poliomyelitis (APC: -4. 5%; 95%CI -5.5; -3.6). There was a decline in coverage of both vaccines in all geographic regions over the years of the study, except in the South and Midwest for the MMR vaccine. Since 2015, few health regions in the country have achieved adequate vaccination coverage (≥95.0% to <120.0%). The North and Northeast health regions showed low-low clusters in the univariate analysis for both immunobiological. CONCLUSIONS: It is urgent to consider studies like this one for the planning of more effective strategies for immunizing children, especially in areas with higher falls. In this way, barriers to access to immunization can be broken, given Brazil's heterogeneity, and access to reliable information that increases confidence in vaccine efficacy can be expanded.

Quality of health care in Primary Care: perspective of people with Diabetes Mellitus.

OBJECTIVES: to identify how people with diabetes assess the care offered by Primary Care teams. METHODS: a cross-sectional study based on structured interviews with the application of the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness instrument to people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Data were submitted to statistical analysis. RESULTS: 451 individuals participated in the study, more than half aged 60 years or older (64.0%); 63.9% had been diagnosed for more than five years; and 23.9% used insulin. The average score obtained was 2.5, which indicated little involvement in self-care and low support for the care of the chronic condition by the Family Health Strategy team, and was higher among women and people with a partner. CONCLUSIONS: people with diabetes consider that they do not receive individualized treatment, with dialogue and discussion for setting goals, and that they are not prepared for self-managing their health condition.

WhatsApp use in a health education group with women.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the use of Information and Communication Technologies and the interaction in a health education group with women on WhatsApp. METHODOLOGY: Descriptive-exploratory, qualitative research with mothers assisted in two Basic Health Units in Sinop - MT, part of a University Extension Project that used three health education strategies ("G-Day", "Health Tips", and "Educational Video") and project team members. Data were collected between October and December 2021 from messages in the WhatsApp group and submitted to Thematic Content Analysis. RESULTS: Two categories were identified, showing the information provided by the team and specific information requested by the mothers; the doubts expressed by the mothers mobilized the communication-interaction among the participants and little to no interaction was provoked by the health information contained in the educational strategies used. FINAL CONSIDERATION: WhatsApp proved to be an important resource/strategy in communication-interaction for health education with women.

Mobile applications as a strategy to support parents in the care of newborns: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: To map and describe studies available in the literature about mobile applications to support parents in newborn care and data from applications accessible in online stores. METHOD: This is a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The searches were carried out in theses and dissertations databases and portals, in September 2021, and articles, theses, and dissertations were included. An independent search was performed in online stores of applications for operating systems Android and iOS, in October and December 2021, and applications with content to support parents of newborns were selected. RESULTS: A total of 5,238 studies and 757 applications were found, and of these, 16 and 150, respectively, composed the sample. The topics discussed in the studies were: care, breastfeeding, fever, identification of neonatal diseases, child growth and development. In the applications, the themes found were care, breastfeeding, growth, immunization, development, sleep, tips, and guidelines. CONCLUSION: Applications are important support tools for parents, as they are an innovative means and accessible to a large part of the population.

Patient Safety in Palliative Care at the End of Life from the Perspective of Complex Thinking.

Actions for patient safety at the end of life must be aligned with the principles of palliative care, such as promoting comfort and quality of life. Faced with this complex process, health professionals need to seek the central relationships of the concepts of safety and palliative care to the end of life, in line with the wishes and expectations of the person and family members/caregivers, as well as with available resources and the capacity of services but, above all, reinforcing the importance of a non-reductionist care approach, which encompasses the various aspects inherent to humans. Hence, we present a new vision of patient safety in palliative care at the end of life based on the complex thinking of Edgar Morin, scientific evidence, and health policies in the global context. We discuss the deficiencies and disjunctions in thought and practice of palliative care at the end of life and patient safety, as well as the challenges for the conjunction of these complex themes, to finally present potential ways to apply complex thinking in the safe care of the patient at the end of life. The problematization of different aspects for the interposition of knowledge about patient safety in palliative care at the end of life portrays the existence of intersubjective connections and the multidimensionality that permeate the guidelines, actions and relationships that sustain the disciplines.

Factors associated with demand for emergency medical services by people with hypertension and diabetes.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the association between recurrence of emergency service visits due to lack of blood pressure and/or glycemic control with sociodemographic variables and disease registration in Primary Care. METHODS: quantitative study, which consulted medical records of people who attended these services two or more times for 26 months. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression models were used in analysis. RESULTS: most people did not have hypertension and/or diabetes record in their Primary Care records. The absence of this record was more frequent in males, aged between 18 and 59 years, with low education and lack of blood pressure. There was association between greater number of people seeking these services in the same year and not monitoring the chronic condition in specialized care. CONCLUSIONS: people who do not follow up hypertension and/or diabetes in Primary Care are more likely to need assistance due to blood pressure and/or glycemic management.

Palliative care strategies in the management of people with serious cases of COVID-19.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the assistance strategies in palliative care developed in the COVID-19 pandemic for critically ill patients and their families. METHODS: an integrative review carried out in August 2021 and updated in April 2022 in the Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), US National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Web of Science databases, and presented in the PRISMA flowchart. RESULTS: thirteen works were selected for reading and content analysis, from which emerged the two main themes that reflect the reality evidenced in this context: The sudden advent of COVID-19 with impacts on palliative care; and The strategies used in palliative care to mitigate these impacts. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: palliative care is the best strategy for providing health care, used as a comfort to bring relief and comfort to patients and families.

Utilização de aplicativos móveis como estratégia de apoio a familiares no cuidado a recém-nascidos: protocolo scoping review / Use of mobile applications as a strategy to support family members in the care of newborns: a scoping review protocol

OBJETIVO: Mapear e descrever os estudos disponíveis na literatura e lojas on-line sobre os aplicativos móveis para apoio a familiares de recém-nascidos. MÉTODO: Trata-se de protocolo de scoping review, elaborado conforme recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs, seguindo os itens do PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. A busca será realizada em duas etapas: 1 - nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Acadêmico, Scielo, como também no Portal BVS e de Teses e Dissertações da América Latina e no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; 2 - em lojas on-line para smartphones com sistemas operacionais Android e iOS, por meio da utilização independente do termo "recém-nascido". O protocolo norteará o desenvolvimento da revisão de escopo para descrição e mapeamento de aplicativos móveis para apoio a familiares de recém-nascidos.

OBJECTIVE: To map and describe the studies available in the literature and online stores on mobile applications to support family members of newborns. METHOD: This is a scoping review protocol, prepared following the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and the items of the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. The search will be carried out in two stages: 1 - in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Scielo databases, and in the VHL, the Latin American Theses and Dissertations Portal, and the catalog of theses and dissertations of the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel; 2 - in the online stores of Android and iOS operating systems, through the independent use of the term "newborn". The protocol will guide the development of the scoping review for the description and mapping of mobile applications to support family members of newborns.

Percepções e vivências de mulheres acerca da sexualidade durante o período de amamentação / Perceptions and experiences of women about sexuality during the breastfeeding period / Percepciones y experiencias de las mujeres sobre la sexualidad durante el período de lactancia materna

Objetivo: apreender como as mulheres percebem e vivenciam a sexualidade durante o período da amamentação. Método: estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com mulheres lactantes ou que já haviam amamentado, em seis Unidades Básicas de Saúde de município da região Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados no período de maio a agosto de 2018, mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas, áudio-gravadas, realizadas em local reservado nas unidades de saúde. As informantes foram 18 mulheres com filhos de até 12 meses de vida, que estava sendo ou tivesse sido amamentado ao seio por algum tempo, e que compareceram à Unidade de Saúde para puericultura ou consulta com pediatra durante o período da coleta de dados. Foram excluídas as mulheres que referiram não ter iniciado a prática sexual no período de amamentação. Os dados produzidos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo modalidade temática. Resultados: as mulheres percebem e vivenciam a sexualidade durante a amamentação por meio de mudanças na autoimagem, na autoestima e no relacionamento com o parceiro. As modificações mamárias foram bem percebidas no período gestacional e no início da amamentação, porém, com o decorrer do tempo, algumas mulheres as perceberam de forma negativa, sobretudo aquelas que tiveram mais dificuldade na retomada do peso pré-gravídico. Os resultados mostraram também que as mulheres passaram por um período de incertezas e inseguranças em relação a sexualidade e que mudanças da dinâmica conjugal foram necessárias neste período de transição para o exercício da sexualidade, considerando necessidades do suporte nutricional e afetivo do bebê. Conclusão: as mulheres percebem e vivenciam dificuldades em conciliar a sexualidade com a amamentação, visto que a nova dinâmica familiar decorrente do nascimento de um filho, associada as alterações na estética corporal, podem repercutir de forma negativa na sexualidade.(AU)

Objective: To understand how women perceive and experience sexuality during the breastfeeding period. Method: Descriptive study with a qualitative approach carried out with lactating women or women who had already breastfed, having as field of study six Basic Health Units (UBS) of a municipality in the southern region of Brazil. Data were collected from May to August 2018, through semi-structured interviews, audio-re-corded and held in a reserved place at the UBS. The informants were 18 women with children aged up to 12 months who were being or had been breastfed for some time and who attended the UBS for childcare or consultation with a pediatrician during the pe-riod of data collection. Women who reported not having started sexual practice during the breastfeeding period were excluded. The data produced were submitted to content analysis ­ thematic modality. Results: Women perceive and experience sexuality du-ring breastfeeding through changes in self-image, self-esteem, and relationship with the partner. Breast changes were well perceived during the gestational period and at the beginning of breastfeeding; however, over time, some women perceived the changes in a negative way, especially those who had more difficulty regaining their pre-pregnancy weight. The results also showed that the women went through a period of uncertain-ties and insecurities in relation to sexuality and that changes in the marital dynamics were necessary in this transition period for the exercise of sexuality, considering the nutritional and affective support needs of the baby. Conclusion: Women perceive and experience difficulties in reconciling sexuality with breastfeeding, since the new family dynamics resulting from the birth of a child and changes in body aesthetics can have a negative impact on sexualit.(AU)

Objetivo: aprender cómo las mujeres perciben y viven la sexualidad durante el período de la lactancia materna. Método: estudio descriptivo con abordaje cualitativo, realizado con mujeres lactando o que ya habían lactado, en seis Unidades Básicas de Salud de un municipio de la región sur de Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados en el período de mayo a agosto de 2018, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y grabadas en audio, realizadas en un lugar reservado en las unidades de salud...(AU)

Percepciones y experiencias de las mujeres sobre la sexualidad durante el período de lactancia materna / Percepções e vivências de mulheres acerca da sexualidade durante o período de amamentação / Perceptions and experiences of women about sexuality during the breastfeeding period

RESUMO Objetivo: apreender como as mulheres percebem e vivenciam a sexualidade durante o período da amamentação. Método: estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa realizado com mulheres lactantes ou que já haviam amamentado, tendo como campo de estudo seis Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) de município da região Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados no período de maio a agosto de 2018, mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas, áudio-gravadas e realizadas em local reservado nas UBS. As informantes foram 18 mulheres com filhos de até 12 meses de vida que estavam sendo ou tivessem sido amamentados no seio por algum tempo e compareceram à UBS para puericultura ou consulta com pediatra durante o período da coleta de dados. Foram excluídas as mulheres que referiram não ter iniciado a prática sexual no período de amamentação. Os dados produzidos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo - modalidade temática. Resultados: as mulheres percebem e vivenciam a sexualidade durante a amamentação por meio de mudanças na autoimagem, na autoestima e no relacionamento com o parceiro. As modificações mamárias foram bem percebidas no período gestacional e no início da amamentação; porém, com o decorrer do tempo, algumas mulheres perceberam as modificações de forma negativa, sobretudo aquelas que tiveram mais dificuldade na retomada do peso pré-gravídico. Os resultados também mostraram que as mulheres passaram por um período de incertezas e inseguranças em relação à sexualidade e que mudanças da dinâmica conjugal foram necessárias nesse período de transição para o exercício da sexualidade, considerando necessidades do suporte nutricional e afetivo do bebê. Conclusão: as mulheres percebem e vivenciam dificuldades em conciliar a sexualidade com a amamentação, visto que a nova dinâmica familiar decorrente do nascimento de um filho e as alterações na estética corporal podem repercutir de forma negativa na sexualidade.

RESUMEN Objetivo: aprender cómo las mujeres perciben y viven la sexualidad durante el período de la lactancia materna. Método: estudio descriptivo con abordaje cualitativo, realizado con mujeres lactando o que ya habían lactado, en seis Unidades Básicas de Salud de un municipio de la región sur de Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados en el período de mayo a agosto de 2018, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y grabadas en audio, realizadas en un lugar reservado en las unidades de salud. Las informantes fueron 18 mujeres con hijos de hasta 12 meses de edad, que estaban siendo o habían sido amamantados durante algún tiempo, y que acudieron a la Unidad de Salud para atención infantil o consulta con el pediatra durante el período de recolección de datos. Se excluyeron las mujeres que declararon no haber iniciado la práctica sexual durante el período de lactancia. Los datos obtenidos se han sometido a un análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: las mujeres perciben y viven la sexualidad durante la lactancia por medio de cambios en la autoimagen, en la autoestima y en la relación con el compañero. Los cambios en los senos se percibieron bastante durante el período de gestación y al inicio de la lactancia, sin embargo, con el paso del tiempo, algunas mujeres los percibieron de forma negativa, sobre todo aquellas que tenían más dificultades para recuperar el peso de antes del embarazo. Los resultados también mostraron que las mujeres pasaron por un período de incertidumbres e inseguridades en relación a la sexualidad y que cambios en la dinámica conyugal fueron necesarios en ese período de transición para el ejercicio de la sexualidad, considerando necesidades de apoyo nutricional y afectivo del bebé. Conclusión: las mujeres perciben y viven dificultades para conciliar la sexualidad con la lactancia, dado que la nueva dinámica familiar derivada del nacimiento de un hijo, asociada a las alteraciones en la estética corporal, puede repercutir de forma negativa en la sexualidad.

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand how women perceive and experience sexuality during the breastfeeding period. Method: descriptive study with a qualitative approach carried out with lactating women or women who had already breastfed, having as field of study six Basic Health Units (UBS) of a municipality in the southern region of Brazil. Data were collected from May to August 2018, through semi-structured interviews, audio-recorded and held in a reserved place at the UBS. The informants were 18 women with children aged up to 12 months who were being or had been breastfed for some time and who attended the UBS for childcare or consultation with a pediatrician during the period of data collection. Women who reported not having started sexual practice during the breastfeeding period were excluded. The data produced were submitted to content analysis - thematic modality. Results: women perceive and experience sexuality during breastfeeding through changes in self-image, self-esteem, and relationship with the partner. Breast changes were well perceived during the gestational period and at the beginning of breastfeeding; however, over time, some women perceived the changes in a negative way, especially those who had more difficulty regaining their pre-pregnancy weight. The results also showed that the women went through a period of uncertainties and insecurities in relation to sexuality and that changes in the marital dynamics were necessary in this transition period for the exercise of sexuality, considering the nutritional and affective support needs of the baby. Conclusion: women perceive and experience difficulties in reconciling sexuality with breastfeeding, since the new family dynamics resulting from the birth of a child and changes in body aesthetics can have a negative impact on sexuality.

Disposição de enfermeiros para o uso do telemonitoramento em usuários com condições crônicas: estudo transversal / Nurses' willingness to resort to telemonitoring in users with chronic conditions: a cross-sectional study

OBJETIVO: Verificar a disposição de enfermeiros da Atenção Primária em utilizar o telemonitoramento no acompanhamento de usuários com hipertensão arterial e/ou diabetes mellitus. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal realizado com enfermeiros atuantes nos municípios da 15ª Regional de Saúde do Paraná. Dos 289 convidados, 65 responderam ao questionário online disponibilizado em maio e junho de 2021 no Google Forms. Foram incluídos os enfermeiros que atuavam nas unidades de saúde da 15ª Regional de Saúde e que responderam ao questionário enviado. Não foi adotado nenhum critério de exclusão, mesmo quando o enfermeiro deixava alguma questão em branco. Na análise, foram utilizados os testes Qui-quadrado, Exato de Fisher e Razão de Prevalência. RESULTADOS: Entre as variáveis analisadas, observou-se associação entre ter menos idade e menor tempo de formado e a percepção de que o telemonitoramento sem atendimento presencial é insuficiente para acompanhar os usuários, e das variáveis "telemonitoramento favorece a comunicação com o paciente" e "é possível" com "otimiza o trabalho da equipe". E também maior disposição para uso foi observada entre os que receberam capacitação. CONCLUSÃO: Ausência de capacitações e insuficiência de equipamentos e recursos humanos são fatores que afetam e podem inviabilizar o uso do telemonitoramento.

OBJECTIVE: To verify Primary Care nurses' willingness to resort to Telemonitoring in the follow-up of users with arterial hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus. METHOD: A cross-sectional study conducted with nurses working in the municipalities from the 15th Health Region of Paraná. Of all the 289 individuals invited, 65 answered the online questionnaire made available in May and June 2021 via Google Forms. The nurses included were those working in the health units from the 15th Health Region and who answered the questionnaire sent. No exclusion criteria were adopted, even when a nurse left some questions unanswered. Chi-square, Fisher's Exact and Prevalence Ratio tests were used in the analysis. RESULTS: An association was observed between less time since graduation and the perception that Telemonitoring without in-person assistance is insufficient to follow up the users; in addition, it was noticed that the Telemonitoring variables favor communication with the patients and can streamline the work performed by the team. More willingness to use Telemonitoring was perceived among those who underwent training. CONCLUSION: The absence of training sessions and the insufficiency of devices and human resources affect and may preclude Telemonitoring.

Conceito de livre demanda: olhar das puérperas em aleitamento materno exclusivo / Concept of free demand: view of puerperae in exclusive breastfeeding / Concepto de libre demanda: visión de las puérperas en la lactancia materna exclusiva

Objetivo: Apreender na perspectiva da lactante o conceito de livre demanda no processo de amamentação. Método: Estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa rea- lizado com vinte puérperas, durante internação em um hospital de ensino. Os dados foram coletados mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas áudio-gravadas e submetidas a análise de conteúdo modalidade temática. Resultados: Foi possível identificar que existem equí- vocos sobre o significado do conceito livre demanda e que apenas uma a praticava. Após leituras exaustivas das entrevistas constituíram-se duas categorias: Conceito de livre de- manda; reconhecendo a fome do bebê: entre erros e acertos. Considerações Finais: As puérperas de forma geral apresentavam dúvidas sobre o conceito de livre demanda ou em relação à prática do aleitamento materno em livre demanda. Além da dificuldade no re- conhecimento da fome do recém-nascido, inclusive associando aos reflexos primitivos e ao choro do bebê.

Objective: To apprehend the concept of free demand in the breastfeeding process according to the lactating eye. Method: Qualitative study conducted with twenty puerperium women, who were hospitalized in the gynecology and obstetrics sector of a teaching hospital. Data were collected through semi-structured audio-recorded interviews and subjected to content analysis thematic modality. Results: It was possible to identify that there are misconceptions about the meaning of the free demand concept and that only one practiced it. After exhaustive reading of the interviews, two categories were created: Concept of free demand; Recognizing the baby's hunger: between mistakes and successes. Final Considerations: The puerperal women in general had doubts about the concept of free demand or about the practice of breastfeeding on demand, in addition to the difficulty in recognizing the newborn's hunger, even associating it with primitive reflexes and the baby's crying.

Objetivo: Aprehender el concepto de demanda libre en el proceso de ama- mantamiento según el ojo lactante. Método: Estudio cualitativo realizado con veinte puérperas internadas en el sector de ginecología y obstetricia de un hospital escuela. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas grabadas en audio y sometidas a la modalidad de análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: Se pudo identi- ficar que existen conceptos erróneos sobre el significado del concepto de libre demanda y que solo uno lo practica. Luego de la lectura exhaustiva de las entrevistas, se crearon dos categorías: Concepto de libre demanda; Reconocer el hambre del bebé: entre errores y aciertos. Consideraciones Finales: Las puérperas en general tenían dudas sobre el con- cepto de libre demanda o sobre la práctica de amamantar a demanda, además de la difi- cultad para reconocer el hambre del recién nacido, asociándolo incluso a reflejos primi- tivos y al llanto del bebé.

Vivências de familiares cuidadores de idosos dependentes no processo de cuidado* / Experiencias de cuidadores familiares de personas mayores dependientes en el proceso de cuidado / Experiences of family caregivers of dependent older people in the care process

Objetivo: compreender as vivências de cuidadores familiares de idosos em relação ao cuidado. Método: estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado em um município do Sul do Brasil com 14 cuidadores familiares de idosos dependentes. As entrevistas realizadas entre outubro e novembro de 2022 foram audiogravadas, transcritas na íntegra e submetidas à Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: os familiares assumem o cuidado de forma inesperada. Apesar de ele ser pouco compartilhado, a família, especialmente nos primeiros tempos, se reorganiza para apoiar o idoso. Com a vivência continuada da assistência domiciliar, os familiares percebem a sobrecarga, contudo, são capazes de (re)significar seu papel e demonstram que a experiência é fonte de aprendizagem e retribuição. Conclusão: profissionais de saúde devem estar atentos à forma com que o processo de cuidar de idosos se estabelece na vida dos familiares e desenvolver intervenções que os apoiem, diminuam a sobrecarga e ampliem suas fortalezas.

Objective: to understand the experiences of family caregivers of the older people in relation to care. Method: a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, conducted in a city in southern Brazil with 14 family caregivers of dependent older people. The interviews carried out between October and November 2022 were audio recorded, fully transcribed and submitted to Content Analysis, a thematic modality. Results: Family members take care unexpectedly. Although it is little shared, the family, especially in the early days, reorganizes to support the older adult. With the continued experience of home care, family members perceive the burden, however, they are able to (re)signify their role and demonstrate that the experience is a source of learning and retribution. Conclusion: Health professionals should be attentive to the way in which the process of caring for the older people is established in the lives of family members and develop interventions that support them, reduce overload and expand their strengths.

Objetivo: comprender las experiencias de cuidadores familiares de personas mayores en relación al cuidado. Método: estudio descriptivo, con abordaje cualitativo, realizado en una ciudad del sur de Brasil con 14 cuidadores familiares de personas mayores dependientes. Las entrevistas realizadas entre octubre y noviembre de 2022 fueron audiograbadas, transcritas íntegramente y sometidas al análisis temático. Resultados: los familiares asumen el cuidado de manera inesperada. Aunque rara vez se comparte, la familia, sobre todo en los primeros días, se reorganiza para apoyar al paciente. Con la experiencia continuada del cuidado domiciliario, los familiares perciben la sobrecarga, sin embargo, logran (re)significar su rol y demostrar que la experiencia es fuente de aprendizaje y retribución. Conclusión: los profesionales de la salud deben ser conscientes de la forma en que el proceso de cuidado del anciano se establece en la vida de los familiares y desarrollar intervenciones que los apoyen, reduzcan la carga y amplíen sus fortalezas.